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Tuesday 28 May 2024

Blavatsky and D. T. Suzuki, Daisetsu Teitaro, Daisetz

Daisetsu Teitaro Suzuki
(October 18, 1870 – July 12, 1966) was a Japanese author of books and essays on Buddhism, Zen and Shin that were instrumental in spreading interest in both Zen and Shin (and Far Eastern philosophy in general) to the West. His American wife, Beatrice Lane Suzuki, was a member of the Theosophical Society (Adyar) and played an important role in Japanese Theosophy.
Dr. Paul Carus befriended the Japanese Zen master Soyen Shaku (1859-1919), whom he met at the Parliament. After attending the Parliament Soyen traveled to Sri Lanka to study Pali and Theravada Buddhism for three years. At Carus's request Shaku also sent one of his students, Daisetsu Teitaro Suzuki, to the United States to translate Buddhist works for Carus's Open court Publishing Company. He also became close to Anagarika Dharmapala
 
Dr. Suzuki wrote about Blavatsky's book The Voice of the Silence: "Undoubtedly Madame Blavatsky had in some way been initiated into the deeper side of Mahayana teaching and then gave out what she deemed wise to the Western world..." He also commented: "Here is the real Mahayana Buddhism."
 
Ethics between East and West: Beatrice Erskine Lane Suzuki and Albert Schweitzer
 
Passing: Ms. Mihoko Okamura-Bekku (1935-2023)
Richard Jaffe
I write to convey the sad news that Ms. Mihoko Okamura-Bekku died in Kyoto on June 17, 2023 at the age of 88. Ms. Okamura, who was born and raised in the United States, was a student, assistant, secretary, and confidant of D.T. Suzuki from the early 1950s until Suzuki's death in 1966. Following Suzuki's passing, Ms. Okamura taught at Otani University, worked for the Japan Foundation, and served on the board of trustees for the Japan Folk Crafts Museum. She also lectured widely in Japan about Suzuki's life, Zen Buddhism, folk crafts, and traditional Japanese arts. Ms. Okamura was the co-author, with Ueda Shizuteru, of several books, some illustrated with numerous photographs she took, concerning her life and travels with Suzuki and his teachings. 
 
The Zen Buddhist Philosophy of D. T. Suzuki
Offering the first complete overview of Suzuki's approach, reputation, and legacy as a philosopher, this is for anyone interested in the philosophical relevance and development of Mahayana Buddhism today.
 

Zen’s Unassuming Pioneer
How the “Great Simplicity” of D.T. Suzuki popularized Zen in America
Rick Fields

D.T. Suzuki at the World Congress of Faiths in 1936
An Analysis of His Presentation at the Interfaith Conference
Journal of Religion in Japan 14 Jul 2021 
Compared to his early years and post-1949 lectures in the United States, as well as his English publications on Mahayana Buddhism, his half-year journey through Europe in 1936 is understudied. With limited access to primary sources in Japanese and English, previous studies tended to label him a “nationalist.” Instead, I analyze Suzuki’s discourses and other newly discovered primary sources from a historical perspective. Through this analysis, this paper will clarify Suzuki’s scheme to present Mahayana Buddhism, particularly Zen, to Westerners during the interwar period. 
 
Race and Zen  Julius Evola, Facism, and D.T. Suzuki 
Filippo Pedretti
Evola’s use of Daisetsu Teitarō Suzuki’s sources in his writings
(hereafter D. T. Suzuki), showing how Evola confronted their
Japanese nationalist/nativist elements, as well as their responses to
Japan’s encounter with Euro-American colonialism. 
https://www.google.ca/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://arcjournal.library.mcgill.ca/article/download/293/309&ved=2ahUKEwjSupvEwJ2GAxWZGFkFHUlgCZUQFnoECBYQAQ&usg=AOvVaw1CNNPySN-S-wTPY2FuDncV  
 
D.T.Suzuki and Swedenborg: an Introduction.

EAST ASIAN NETWORK FOR THE ACADEMIC STUDY OF ESOTERICISM 2021
 
 
Good bio by Tsem Rinpoche, Feb. 14, 2018

Sunday 19 May 2024

Blavatsky, Manga, Anime and Video Games

I'm not really that familiar with Japanes Manga and Anime, but who hasn't noticed the rise of popularity of this cultural export since the 1980s? With the success the Helena Blavatsky character in the Fate/Grand Order video game, I noticed a surprising amount of Theosophy-inspired characters, features and themes. Besides the basic eastern base of spiritual traditions, I notice that there is also a Japanese interest for western Victorian Gothic ideas, along with early western science-fiction, giving rise to the steampunk genre. Although there has been some academic study of religious influences in manga/anime, I don't think that there has been much research into Theosophical influences in the genre. Therefore this humble post proposes to sketch out some brief, rough notices of some of the more obvious instances that I've encountered, in a very informal way, which I think would make for some fun and interesting academic research.
 
1- Fate/Grand Order  is a free-to-play Japanese mobile game, developed by Lasengle (formerly Delightworks) using Unity, and published by Aniplex, a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment Japan. The game is based on Type-Moon's Fate/stay night franchise, and was released in Japan on 29 July 2015 for Android.
 
Figurine. That pet critter is Olcott
Young swimwear figurine


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Special Winter Outfit
 Cosplay Portrayals
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Blavat Sky
Blavatsky seems to have developed a fairly solid fan base. Some prominent successful merchandise include, a figurine, and a young beach swimsuit figurine. She has a special Winter outfit now.

2- There is also a character named Blavat Sky, a fortune teller and diviner at the Sphere Music Hall meetings
from Kuroshitsuji or Black Butler is a manga written and illustrated by Yana Toboso.
 
Koudelka Iasant

 
 
 
3-  Koudelka Iasant, main character in console role-playing game developed by Sacnoth and published by Aruze Corp in Japan and in the United States and Europe by Midway Games in 2001. In 1888, when Koudelka was nine years old, she was found in London by Mrs. Blavatsky, a renowned medium for the spirits. She raised Koudelka as her daughter, helping her hone her skills until she passed away in 1891. 
 
Dietlinde Eckhart

4- 
Dietlinde Eckhart is a kind of evil Blavatsky, based on woeful pop culture WW2 conspiracy theories. She is the main antagonist in Fullmetal Alchemist the Movie: Conqueror of Shamballa. She is a German-born, soft-spoken woman with radical visions for the future of her troubled country.
 
Marianna Blavatsky
5- Another evil Blavatsky,
Marianna Blavatsky is the villainess of Return to Castle Wolfenstein. The game was the long awaited re-imagining of the video game Wolfenstein 3D but actually, the game restarted the franchise. It would be followed by the 2009 sequel Wolfenstein.
 
Anna Bonus Kingsford

 
 
 
6- Theosophist Anna Bonus Kingsford appears in A Certain Magical Index, Toaru Majutsu no Indekkusu,  a Japanese light novel series written by Kazuma Kamachi and illustrated by Kiyotaka Haimura, a manga adaptation by Chuya Kogino began serialization in Monthly Shōnen Gangan since April 2007. J.C.Staff produced two 24-episode anime series between 2008 and 2011. An animated film was released in February 2013. A 26-episode third season aired between 2018 and 2019. Several spin-offs and other adaptations have also been made, including several video games.  
Bad Castelvania Saint Germain
7- The Count of Saint Germain has gained popularity in pop culture versions, which extends to Japan. Count Saint Germain (San Jeruman)  is a character in the Castlevania animated series. He is a mysterious man investigating the events of Lindenfeld and its priory. 
 
Good Code:Realize Saint Germain
8-
Count Saint-Germain from Code: Realize − Guardian of Rebirth is an otome visual novel video game developed by Otomate for PlayStation Vita, released in 2014 in Japan and in 2015 in North America and Europe. The game features a steampunk aesthetic and a cast of literary and historical figures, including Arsène Lupin, Abraham Van Helsing, Victor Frankenstein, Impey Barbicane, and Count Saint-Germain, an affiliate of the Kur who is currently working as the deputy head teacher and advisor of the History and Culture Research Club at the high school, while under the assumed name Sanjome
 
9-Akashic Records of Bastard Magic Instructor, Roku de Nashi Majutsu Kōshi to Akashikku Rekōdo) is a Japanese light novel series written by Tarō Hitsuji and illustrated by Kurone Mishima. Fujimi Shobo has published twenty-four volumes from July 19, 2014, to November 17, 2023, under their Fujimi Fantasia Bunko imprint. A manga adaptation with art by Aosa Tsunemi has been serialized in Kadokawa Shoten's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Shōnen Ace from March 26, 2015, to June 25, 2021, and has been collected in sixteen tankōbon volumes. An anime television series adaptation by Liden Films aired from April to June 2017.
 
 
Yu-Gi-Oh! Atlantis

10- A fictional Atlantis with Theosophical colorings is featured in season 4 of
Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters, created by Kazuki Takahashi,
 
 
 
11-Atlantis is a prominent setting in the Shin Getter Robo manga series.
Shin Getter Robo Atlantis
Shin Getter Robo is a manga series by Ken Ishikawa from 1996 to 1999. It serves as an interquel between the Getter Robo G and Getter Robo Go manga.
 
 was adopted by Blavatsky after her surviving famy, feared her latent psychic power, abandoned her in London. Under her tutelage, Koudelka honed her sk Edit10-10- Atlantis Dragon
The Boy and the Heron
 
 
12- Miyazaki's The Boy and the Heron features a golden gate, a symbol of which Through the Gates of Gold by Mabel Collins gives a mystical example.
 
13-
Bleach Hell Arc
Bleach And Theosophy: Tite Kubo's Hell Arc & Blavatsky's on Hell
pontos fathom podcast episode 21. 
the resonances between Kubo's return to Bleach manga with his newest Hell Arc & Madame Blavatsky's diagrams of Hell from Theosophy
 

Cosmic horror-manga-style

 
 
 
14- H. P. Lovecraft is popular is Japan, so there may be related Theosophical elements in the various Lovecraftian manga sagas.
 
Neon Genesis Evangelion-Four Adams
15- I would imagine that Neon Genesis Evangelion, 
a Japanese media franchise created by Hideaki Anno, is based on Kabbalistic concepts influenced by Blavatsky's spiritual evolution ideas.

16-
Captive Hearts of Oz is a modern Oz shoujo style manga series published by Seven Seas. It is written by Ryo Maruyu with the artwork done by Mamenosuke Fujimaru. 2017.
 
These are some more specific examples that one can point to. The following article lists various mystical theme that would point to others that could be found:
Moreover, there's a recent study that doesn't mention Theosophy much, but the notion of transhumanism could be related to Theosophy. I think that Akira could be considered as something of a Theosophical parable.
Anime, Philosophy and Religion
Kaz Hayashi  2023
 

Saturday 18 May 2024

Blavatsky and Theosophy in Japan


The philosophies and religions of Japan from an esoteric perspective did not escape the attention of early Theosophists. Olcott made a very interesting trip to Japan: Meiji Buddhists invited Olcott to Japan, and Dharmapala followed after. The Japanese wanted Olcott to show them ways to resist Christian missionizing, and he insisted that the first step was bringing Buddhist sects in Japan into institutional unity. He arrived in Kobe on February 9, 1889 together with Zenshiro Nogouchi and Anagarika Dharmapala. From the first day until his departure in May, Olcott visited 33 towns and delivered 76 addresses with a total audience of at least 87, 500 people, and possibly as many as 200,000. With financial help from the Buddhist sects, and with support from Hansei-kai, Oriental Hall and other Buddhist societies, his tour became a great success. Olcott was welcomed by people everywhere, and he talked with local leaders and governors, as well as with the prime minister. Olcott’s tour was the peak of Japanese Buddhist revival in a visible form. (Yoshinaga Shin’ichi, Theosophy and Buddhist Reformers in the Middle of the Meiji Period (Japanese Religions Vol. 34, No. 2, July 2009), 125.)
 
Blavatsky, citing the work of Charles Pfoundes (Omoie Tetsunosuke 重井哲之助) integrated Japan cosmological notions into the Secret Doctrine, Vol. I, p. 214: The same hierarchy, with the same numbers, is found in the Japanese system, in the “Beginnings” as taught by both the Shinto and the Buddhist sects. In this system, Anthropogenesis precedes Cosmogenesis, as the Divine merges into the human, and creates — midway in its descent into matter — the visible Universe. The legendary personages — remarks reverentially Omoie — “having to be understood as the stereotyped embodiment of the higher (secret) doctrine, and its sublime truths.” To state it at full length, however, would occupy too much of our space, but a few words on this old system cannot be out of place. The following is a short synopsis of this Anthropo-Cosmogenesis, and it shows how closely the most separated notions echoed one and the same Archaic teaching.

When all was as yet Chaos (Kon-ton) three spiritual Beings appeared on the stage of future creation: (1) Ame no ani naka nushi no Kami, “Divine Monarch of the Central Heaven”; (2) Taka mi onosubi no Kami, “Exalted, imperial Divine offspring of Heaven and the Earth”; and (3) Kamu mi musubi no Kami, “Offspring of the Gods,” simply.

The Shade of Sattay 
Shawn F. Higgins 2023
Judge received a letter from the Japanese Buddhist scholar, Matsuyama Matsutaro, dated March 27, 1887. It read: Through Judge, Matsuyama received letters from other Theosophists, and from the Ceylonese Buddhist activist, Anagarika Dharmapala.
At this time Matsuyama announced the creation of the Yamato Theosophical Society in Kyoto, Japan. In response, Judge sent a letter of support, which was published in Matsuyama’s journal, The Bijou of Asia: “The [American] people need the religion of Buddha because their own has not succeeded in making them honest or kind to each other […] they are not very happy because illusions of life make them slaves of senses.”
 
Tracing Karma in Meiji Japan The Global Entanglement of Religion, Morality and Science 
 
Antiracism & Spiritual Universalism. Japan, India, & the Development of Internationalism 
Akio Tanabe Apr 5, 2021 
Kinza Hirai Kakuzō Okakura, HS Olcott Anagarika Dharmapala Vivekananda Nikola Tesla World’s Parliament of Religions, 1893 to UNESCO, 1946  
 
 
Buddhism and Modernity in Japan An Introduction 
Orion Klautau and Hans Martin Krämer, 2021
 
A Brief History of the Theosophical Society in Japan in the Interwar Period
Helena Čapková The Journal of CESNUR, Volume 4, Issue 5, September—October 2020, pages 3—26.
ABSTRACT: The article presents for the first time a brief, yet still quite detailed, history of the Theosophical Society (TS) in Japan based on research of primary sources, mainly in the headquarters of the Society in Adyar, a suburb of Chennai, India. Three decades after the first contacts made during the visits by the TS President, Colonel H.S. Olcott (1832–1907), in 1889 and 1891, the first TS lodge in Japan, the Tokyo International Lodge, was established by James Henry Cousins (1873–1956) in 1920. Cousins’ initiative stimulated interest in the TS, and other lodges were established, although the duration of their activities was sometimes quite short: Orpheus and Mahayana launched in 1924, while Miroku (Maitreya) Lodge did the same in 1928.
 
 
Theosophical Accounts in Japanese Buddhist Publications of the Late Nineteenth Century An Introduction and Select Bibliography
The first Buddhist mission to the West: Charles Pfoundes & the London Buddhist mission of 1889 – 1892, Bocking; Cox, Shin'ichi, Diskus 16.3 (2014), 1-33 Journal for BASR 
good study on Theosophy & Buddhism in Japan, London & US 1880s
 
After Olcott Left Theosophy and "New Buddhists" at the Turn of the Century. by Orion Klautau (オリオン・クラウタウ)
Shin'ichi Yoshinaga. 2012, The Eastern Buddhist NEW SERIES, Vol. 43, No. 1/2 
 
"After Colonel Olcott's visits to Japan in the late nineteenth century, no further work by the Adyar Theosophical Society occurred until Dr. James H. Cousins spent a year in Japan in 1919-1920 as a professor of modern English poetry at Keio University in Tokyo (Cousins and Cousins, 348-69). At this time, he helped form the Tokyo International Lodge. In a letter dated February 15, 1920, Cousins wrote to the international headquarters at Adyar about the lodge's beginnings with eleven members: five Japanese and six international members from America, Korea, Greece, and India.
 
Soyen Shaku, Toki Horyu, and others formed a delegation of Zen Buddhists from Japan. Soyen Shaku met Dr. Paul Carus at the Parliament, and that directly led to the long association of the Open Court Publishing Company editor with D. T. Suzuki.[12] The Japanese delegation returned home through Europe. While in London, they visited the headquarters of the Theosophical Society in England, and signed the guest book on October 19th.[13][14] Soyen Shaku described the Parliament as "the forerunner of the future universal religion of science."[15]